This page is part of http://www.productontology.org/, a huge, precise dictionary of product types and brand names for marking up Web sites with schema.org or the GoodRelations e-commerce standard.
Breaking news: schema.org has just implemented our proposal to define an additionalType property with the use of this service in mind!
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On this page: Usage(schema.org/Microdata, RDFa, Facebook) Contact Information Caching Policy License Acknowledgments References
URI http://www.productontology.org/id/Bucharest
rdfs:subClassOf gr:ProductOrService, http://schema.org/Product
rdfs:label Bucharest (as a class or brand name of products of services)
Translation(s):
Bucharèst@ace;
Бухарест@ady;
Boekarest@af;
Bukarest@als;
ቡካረስት@am;
Bucarest@an;
بوخارست@ar;
بوخارست@arz;
Bucarest@ast;
Бухарест@av;
is rdfs:domain of gr:category gr:color gr:condition gr:depth gr:hasEAN_UCC-13 gr:hasGTIN-14 gr:hasMPN gr:hasManufacturer gr:hasStockKeepingUnit gr:height gr:isAccessoryOrSparePartFor gr:isConsumableFor gr:isSimilarTo gr:weight gr:width
is rdfs:range of gr:includes gr:isAccessoryOrSparePartFor gr:isConsumableFor gr:isSimilarTo
Note: This is a generic list. Some of the properties may not be applicable to this particular type of object.
Trademark Disclaimer: Since this service returns class descriptions for potentiall any series of characters, it cannot indicate automatically whether a name is a registered trademark or otherwise protected. We assume no liability for the absence of trademark rights and other damages. See the section "License" below for details.
One of the most powerful usages of the class definitions from this site is to describe the type of your page and product for the schema.org product markup in Microdata syntax much more precisely.
Simply add the full URI of a class from this site, e.g. http://www.productontology.org/id/Bucharest as an additional type as follows:
<div itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Product">
<link itemprop="additionalType" href="http://www.productontology.org/id/Bucharest" />
<!-- other schema.org properties go in here -->
</div>
Note: In HTML5, it is valid to use the <link> element in the body of a HTML document.
Here is a complete example:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/>
<title>An offer to sell a / some Bucharest</title>
</head>
<body>
<div itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Product" itemid="#product">
<link itemprop="additionalType" href="http://www.productontology.org/id/Bucharest" />
<span itemprop="name">.. a short name for the object ...</span>
Product description:
<span itemprop="description">... a longer description ...</span>
<div itemprop="offers" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Offer" itemid="#offer">
<span itemprop="price">$19.99</span>
<link itemprop="availability" href="http://schema.org/InStock" />In stock
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix pto: <http://www.productontology.org/id/> .
@prefix gr: <http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1#> .
@prefix foo: <http://example.com/> .
# The object
foo:myObject a <http://www.productontology.org/id/Bucharest> ;
a gr:SomeItems ;
gr:name "... a short name for the object ..."@en ;
gr:description "... a longer description ..."@en .
# The agent (person or company) who is offering it
foo:ACMECorp a gr:BusinessEntity ;
gr:legalName "ACME Corp" ;
gr:offers foo:Offer .
# The offer to sell it
foo:Offer a gr:Offering ;
gr:includes foo:myObject;
foaf:page <http://URI_of_the_page_containing_the_offer.com>;
gr:hasBusinessFunction gr:Sell ;
gr:validFrom "2011-01-24T00:00:00+01:00"^^xsd:dateTime ;
gr:validThrough "2011-12-24T00:00:00+01:00"^^xsd:dateTime ;
gr:hasPriceSpecification
[ a gr:UnitPriceSpecification ;
gr:hasCurrency "USD"^^xsd:string ;
gr:hasCurrencyValue "19.99"^^xsd:float ;
gr:validThrough "2011-12-24T00:00:00+01:00"^^xsd:dateTime ] .
Note: Replace gr:SomeItems (http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1#SomeItems) by gr:Individual if you are describing a unique object of that kind (e.g. antique furniture).
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html version="HTML+RDFa 1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/>
<title>An offer to sell a / some Bucharest</title>
</head>
<body>
<div xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"
xmlns:gr="http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1#"
xmlns:pto="http://www.productontology.org/id/"
xmlns:foo="http://example.com/"
xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#">
<!-- The agent (person or company) who is offering it -->
<div about="#ACMECorp" typeof="gr:BusinessEntity">
<div property="gr:legalName">ACME Corp</div>
<div rel="gr:offers">
<!-- The offer to sell it -->
<div about="#offer" typeof="gr:Offering">
<div rel="gr:hasBusinessFunction" resource="http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1#Sell"></div>
<div rel="gr:includes">
<!-- The object -->
<div about="#myObject" typeof="http://www.productontology.org/id/Bucharest">
<div rel="rdf:type" resource="http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1#SomeItems"></div>
<div property="gr:description" xml:lang="en">... a longer description ...</div>
<div property="gr:name" xml:lang="en">.. a short name for the object ...</div>
</div>
</div>
<div rel="foaf:page" resource="http://URI_of_the_page_containing_the_offer"></div>
<div rel="gr:hasPriceSpecification">
<div typeof="gr:UnitPriceSpecification">
<div property="gr:hasCurrency" content="USD" datatype="xsd:string">$ </div>
<div property="gr:hasCurrencyValue" datatype="xsd:float">19.99</div>
<div property="gr:validThrough" content="2011-12-24T00:00:00+01:00"
datatype="xsd:dateTime"></div>
</div>
</div>
<div property="gr:validFrom" content="2011-01-24T00:00:00+01:00"
datatype="xsd:dateTime"></div>
<div property="gr:validThrough" content="2011-12-24T00:00:00+01:00"
datatype="xsd:dateTime"></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Note: Replace gr:SomeItems (http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1#SomeItems) by gr:Individual if you are describing a unique object of that kind (e.g. antique furniture).
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<rdf:RDF xmlns:gr="http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1#"
xmlns:pto="http://www.productontology.org/id/"
xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"
xmlns:foo="http://example.com/"
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
<!-- The object -->
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://example.com/myObject">
<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.productontology.org/id/Bucharest"/>
<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1#SomeItems"/>
<gr:name xml:lang="en">... a short name for the object ...</gr:name>
<gr:description xml:lang="en">... a longer description ...</gr:description>
</rdf:Description>
<!-- The agent (person or company) who is offering it -->
<gr:BusinessEntity rdf:about="http://example.com/ACMECorp">
<gr:legalName>ACME Corp</gr:legalName>
<gr:offers rdf:resource="http://example.com/Offer" />
</gr:BusinessEntity>
<!-- The offer to sell it -->
<gr:Offering rdf:about="http://example.com/Offer">
<gr:includes rdf:resource="http://example.com/myObject" />
<foaf:page rdf:resource="http://URI_of_the_page_containing_the_offer"/>
<gr:hasBusinessFunction rdf:resource="http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1#Sell"/>
<gr:validFrom rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">
2011-01-24T00:00:00+01:00</gr:validFrom>
<gr:validThrough rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">
2011-12-24T00:00:00+01:00</gr:validThrough>
<gr:hasPriceSpecification>
<gr:UnitPriceSpecification>
<gr:hasCurrency rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">USD</gr:hasCurrency>
<gr:hasCurrencyValue rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#float">19.99</gr:hasCurrencyValue>
<gr:validThrough rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">
2011-12-24T00:00:00+01:00</gr:validThrough>
</gr:UnitPriceSpecification>
</gr:hasPriceSpecification>
</gr:Offering>
</rdf:RDF>
Note: Replace gr:SomeItems (http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1#SomeItems) by gr:Individual if you are describing a unique object of that kind (e.g. antique furniture).
prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>
prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
prefix pto: <http://www.productontology.org/id/>
prefix gr: <http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1#>
prefix foo: <http://example.com/>
# Find the cheapest offer for a Bucharest
SELECT * WHERE{
?company gr:offers ?offer .
?offer a gr:Offering .
?offer gr:hasBusinessFunction gr:Sell .
OPTIONAL {?offer rdfs:label ?label } .
OPTIONAL {?offer gr:name ?label } .
OPTIONAL {?offer rdfs:comment ?label } .
OPTIONAL {?offer gr:description ?label } .
?offer gr:hasPriceSpecification ?p .
?p a gr:UnitPriceSpecification .
?p gr:hasCurrency ?currency .
?p gr:hasCurrencyValue ?price .
?offer gr:includes ?product .
?product a <http://www.productontology.org/id/Bucharest> .
}
ORDER BY (?price)
LIMIT 10
You can also use the class definitions from this site for better describing the type of your page or product for the Facebook Open Graph Protocol.
Simply define the namespace prefix pto: in the <html> element of your page
<html version="HTML+RDFa 1.1"
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:pto="http://www.productontology.org/id/"
>and use the compact URI (CURIE) pto:Bucharest in combination with og:type as follows:
<meta property="og:type" content="pto:Bucharest"/>
A complete example is here.
Univ.-Prof. Dr. Martin Hepp
E-Business and Web Science Research Group
Chair of General Management and E-Business
Universität der Bundeswehr München
Werner-Heisenberg-Weg 39
D-85579 Neubiberg, Germany
Phone: +49 89 6004-4217
eMail: mhepp(at)computer.org (preferred mode of communication)
Web: http://www.heppnetz.de/
Web: http://www.unibw.de/ebusiness/
In order to minimize the load on the Wikipedia API, all requests are cached internally for 72 hours. This means that changes to the English Wikipedia will be available in this service within 72 hours or less if the same entry has been requested before. Classes not requested within the last six hours are always guaranteed to be in sync with the latest version in Wikipedia.
The RDF/XML dump file is updated every 12 hours only.
The class definition text is taken from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported (CC BY-SA 3.0) license. Accordingly, the ontology class definitions are available under the very same license.
Trademark Disclaimer: Since this service returns class descriptions for potentially any series of characters, it cannot indicate automatically whether a name is a registered trademark or otherwise protected. If you want us to block a certain name, please send your request including proof of your rights on the name to our contact address listed below.. Any of the trademarks, service marks, collective marks, design rights or similar rights that are mentioned, used, or cited in this service are the property of their respective owners. Their use here does not imply that you may use them for any purpose other than for the same or a similar informational use as contemplated by the original authors of the underlying Wikipedia articles under the CC-BY-SA and GFDL licensing schemes. Productontology.org is neither endorsed by nor affiliated with any of the holders of any such rights and as such cannot grant any rights to use any otherwise protected materials. Your use of any such or similar incorporeal property is at your own risk.
Thanks to Stefano Bertolo, Julien Chaumond, Bob Ferris, Kingsley Idehen, Axel Polleres, Andreas Radinger, Alex Stolz, and Giovanni Tummarello for very valuable feedback, and to Katharina Siorpaes and Daniel Bachlechner, who contributed to the initial analysis of the stability of Wikipedia URIs back in 2007.
The work on The Product Types Ontology has been supported by the German Federal Ministry of Research (BMBF) by a grant under the KMU Innovativ program as part of the Intelligent Match project (FKZ 01IS10022B).
Wikipedia: Bucharest, available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bucharest.
Hepp, Martin: GoodRelations: An Ontology for Describing Products and Services Offers on the Web, Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management (EKAW2008), Acitrezza, Italy, September 29 - October 3, 2008, Springer LNCS, Vol 5268, pp. 332-347.
Hepp, Martin; Siorpaes, Katharina; Bachlechner, Daniel: Harvesting Wiki Consensus: Using Wikipedia Entries as Vocabulary for Knowledge Management, IEEE Internet Computing, Vol. 11, No. 5, pp. 54-65, Sept-Oct 2007.
rdfs:comment
Bucharest () is the capital and largest city of Romania, as well as its cultural, industrial, and financial centre. It is located in the southeast of the country, at on the banks of the Dâmbovița River, less than north of the Danube River and the Bulgarian border. Bucharest was first mentioned in documents in 1459. It became the capital of Romania in 1862 and is the centre of Romanian media, culture, and art. Its architecture is a mix of historical (neo-classical and Art Nouveau), interbellum (Bauhaus and art deco), communist era and modern. In the period between the two World Wars, the city's elegant architecture and the sophistication of its elite earned Bucharest the nickname of "Little Paris" (Micul Paris). Although buildings and districts in the historic city centre were heavily damaged or destroyed by war, earthquakes, and Nicolae Ceaușescu's program of systematization, many survived and have been renovated. In recent years, the city has been experiencing an economic and cultural boom. In 2016, the historical city centre was listed as "endangered" by the World Monuments Watch. According to the 2011 census, 1,883,425 inhabitants live within the city limits, a decrease from the 2002 census. Adding the satellite towns around the urban area, the proposed metropolitan area of Bucharest would have a population of 2.27 million people. According to Eurostat, Bucharest has a functional urban area of 2,412,530 residents (as of 2015). Bucharest is the sixth-largest city in the European Union by population within city limits, after London, Berlin, Madrid, Rome, and Paris. Economically, Bucharest is the most prosperous city in Romania. The city has a number of large convention facilities, educational institutes, cultural venues, traditional "shopping arcades" and recreational areas. The city proper is administratively known as the "Municipality of Bucharest" (Municipiul București), and has the same administrative level as that of a national county, being further subdivided into six sectors, each governed by a local mayor. (Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bucharest)
Note: The extraction of the abstract from the Wikipedia page may sometimes yield imperfect results. We are improving the algorithm regularly.